Vehicle

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Vehicles are non-living means of transport. They are most often man-made (e.g. bicycles, cars, motorcycles, trains, ships, boats, and aircraft), although some other means of transport which are not made by man can also be called vehicles; examples include icebergs and floating tree trunks.

Vehicles may be propelled by animals, for instance, a chariot or an ox-cart. However, animals on their own, though used as a means of transport, are not called vehicles. This includes humans carrying another human, for example a child or a disabled person.

Vehicles that do not travel on land are often called craft, such as watercraft, sailcraft, aircraft, hovercraft and spacecraft

Most land vehicles have wheels.

The word vehicle itself comes from the Latin vehiculum.

Contents 1 Bicycle 2 Tricycle 3 Quadricycle 4 Electric road carriages 5 Steam road carriage 5.1 Steam tricycle 6 Petroleum (gasoline / diesel) motor-carriages 7 Road trains 8 The motorcycle 9 Mechanical rail-vehicles 10 Mechanical water vehicles 11 Mechanical under-water vehicles 12 Mechanical land and water vehicles 13 Mechanical air vehicles 14 Mechanical snow vehicles 15 Types of vehicles 16 Legislation 16.1 European Union 16.2 USA 17 Acronyms and abbreviations 18 See also 19 References 20 External links

Bicycle

see Bicycles (see also Vehicular Cycling)

see main article History of the bicycle

Tricycle

see Tricycle

Quadricycle

see Quadricycle

Electric road carriages

see electric vehicle

see history of the electric vehicle

Steam road carriage

see steam car

Steam tricycle

See steam tricycle

At the other end of the scale much lighter steam vehicles have been constructed such as the steam tricycle from the Comte de Dion in 1887.

Petroleum (gasoline / diesel) motor-carriages

See motor-carriage

See Ford's model T

See Automobile

Road trains

A road train consists of a conventional heavy truck pulling three trailers or more, used in rural areas of Australia to move bulky loads such as livestock efficiently.

The motorcycle

See Motorcycle

See Gottlieb Daimler

Mechanical rail-vehicles

see Trains

see Trams

Mechanical water vehicles

see Boats

see Ships

Mechanical under-water vehicles

see submarines

see submersibles

see diving bells

see diving chambers

Mechanical land and water vehicles

see Amphibious vehicle

see Amphibious ATV

see Hovercraft

Mechanical air vehicles

see aircraft

see Wing-In-Ground effect vehicle

Mechanical snow vehicles

see snowmobile

Types of vehicles

• Auto rickshaws
• Bicycles
• Buses
• Cars
• Coaches
• Vans
• More...

Legislation

European Union

In the European Union the classifications for vehicle types are defined by ^[1]:

• Commission Directive 2001/116/EC of 20 December 2001, adapting to technical progress Council Directive 70/156/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers^[2]
• Directive 2002/24/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 March 2002 relating to the type-approval of two or three-wheeled motor vehicles and repealing Council Directive 92/61/EEC

European Community, is based on the Community's WVTA (whole vehicle type-approval) system. Under this system, manufacturers can obtain certification for a vehicle type in one Member State if it meets the EC technical requirements and then market it EU-wide with no need for further tests. Total technical harmonisation has already been achieved in three vehicle categories (passenger cars, motorcycles and tractors) and will soon be extended to other vehicle categories (coaches and utility vehicles). It is essential that European car manufacturers be ensured access to as large a market as possible.

While the Community type-approval system allows manufacturers to benefit fully from the opportunities offered by the internal market, worldwide technical harmonisation in the context of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) offers them a market which extends beyond European borders.

USA

Acronyms and abbreviations

Main article: Vehicle acronyms and abbreviations

See also

Main: List of basic vehicle topics

• Automobile
• Emission standard
• Fuel
• Highway Code
• Vehicular communication systems
• Category:Vehicles

References

1. ^ Scadplus: Technical Harmonisation For Motor Vehicles
2. ^ Council Directive 70/156/EEC, about Type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers, [http://www.tuev-sued.de/uploads/images/1134986896205242531101/001116e.pdf Commission Directive 2001/116/EC of 20 December 2001, adapting to technical progress Council Directive 70/156/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers]

External links

• Green Vehicle Guide
• Strangest Vehicles In The World
• Council Directive 70/156/EEC, about Type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers.
• Council Directive 80/1267/EEC: Amendment of Directive 70/156/EEC
• Council Directive 80/1268/EEC Fuel consumption of motor vehicles.
• EU Motor Vehicle Type Approval.

v • d • e Human-powered vehicles
Land	bicycle · unicycle · tricycle · quadricycle · velomobile · kick scooter · roller skates · skateboard · trikke · wheelchair · longboard
Water	canoe · kayak · pedalo · rowing
Snow and ice	cross-country skis · ice skates · kicksled
Air	human-powered aircraft